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Stress Fractures in Female Runners

Quiz

1. On a cellular level, stress fractures can best be defined as:

A. The number of osteoclast cells actively working exceeds that of osteoblasts.
B. The number of actively working osteoclasts approximates that of osteoblasts.
C. The number of osteoblast cells actively working exceeds that of osteoclasts.
D. There is little change in osteoclast and osteoblast working levels.

2. The terrible triad in the female athlete is often seen in athletes with which other psychological signs and symptoms?

A. Decreased motivation, low energy levels, high stress.
B. High stress / anxiety levels, Type A personality, highly motivated to succeed.
C. Friendly, joyful, and spontaneous.

3. Which of the following are predisposing factors often times leading to stress fractures?

A. Running on soft terrain, increasing mileage by 5% per week, wearing old shoes.
B. Wearing new shoes, weight lifting, eating healthy.
C. Running on hard surfaces, wearing old shoes ( > 500 miles), increasing mileage by > 15% per week.

4. The terrible triad in female athletes is defined as:

A. disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis.
B. smoking, overeating, osteoporosis.
C. anger, amenorrhea, acne.
D. smoking, anger, disordered eating.

5. Once the physician has cleared the athlete to return to running, what should her running protocol NOT include?

A. Combination of running, walking, and non-weight-bearing exercise.
B. Gradual increase in miles / minutes the athlete can perform.
C. Ceasing running if pain is felt in the stress fracture area and described as a similar intensity and frequency as initially experienced.
D. Running every day at levels consistent with pre-stress fracture training.

6. Which person should be on the team of professionals treating this patient?

A. Psychologist
B. Athletic trainer
C. Dietitian
D. Physician
E. All of the above